What are Foot Ulcers?

Foot ulcers are open sores or lesions that develop on the foot and typically take a long time to heal. They most commonly occur on the bottom of the foot, especially the heel and ball of the foot.

Foot ulcers can be caused by a number of conditions, but the most common cause is diabetes.

Other conditions that can cause foot ulcers include poor circulation, which can also be caused by diabetes; peripheral artery disease (PAD); rheumatoid arthritis; and infections.

Foot ulcers are a serious complication that can lead to infection, gangrene, and even amputation. If you have diabetes or any other condition that increases your risk of foot ulcers, it is important to inspect your feet daily for any cuts, sores, or redness.

How do Foot Ulcers Develop?

1. Peripheral neuropathy

This is nerve damage that causes a loss of feeling in the feet. People with neuropathy may not be aware of injuries to their feet, such as cuts, blisters, or calluses. These injuries can then become infected and develop into ulcers.

2. Poor circulation

This can limit the amount of blood flow to the feet, which can slow healing and increase the risk of infection.

3. Ill-fitting shoes

Shoes that are too tight or too loose can rub on the skin and cause irritation, which can lead to ulcers.

4. Dry skin

Dry skin can crack and become a breeding ground for bacteria.

Tips for preventing foot ulcers

Wash your feet daily in warm, soapy water and dry them thoroughly.

Inspect your feet daily for any injuries or changes in skin color.

Wash your feet daily in warm, soapy water and dry them thoroughly.

Moisturize your feet daily to keep them soft and supple.

Wear well-fitting shoes that provide good support.

Avoid going barefoot, even indoors.

If you have neuropathy, be extra careful to protect your feet from injury.

What are Diabetic Foot Ulcers?

Diabetic foot ulcers are open sores on the feet of people with diabetes, caused by factors like poor circulation and nerve damage. They often start from small injuries that go unnoticed due to reduced sensation in the feet. Without proper care, these can lead to infections and serious complications, including amputation. Prevention involves regular foot checks, controlling blood sugar, and wearing proper footwear. Treatment includes wound cleaning, infection management, and improving circulation for healing.

Risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers:

Poor blood sugar control

High blood sugar levels can damage nerves and blood vessels in the feet.

Nerve damage (neuropathy)

This can cause a loss of feeling in the feet, so you may not notice a cut or sore.

Poor circulation (peripheral arterial disease)

This can limit the amount of blood that reaches the feet, making it harder for them to heal.

Foot deformities

Bunions, hammertoes, and other foot problems can increase pressure on certain areas of the foot.

Poor foot care

Not washing your feet daily, not drying them properly, and not wearing properly fitting shoes can all increase your risk of foot ulcers.